Dandruff is the excessive shedding of scalp skin cells triggered by Malassezia furfur, a yeast naturally present on the scalp. In susceptible people, it overgrows and reacts with sebum to cause inflammation. Simple dandruff appears as dry flakes that fall off or oily ones that cling to the scalp. Severe cases include redness, itching, and large scales, often along the hairline. Stress and cold weather can intensify symptoms.
To combat dandruff, rely on zinc pyrithione, the gold-standard ingredient with powerful antibacterial and antifungal properties. It's found in most anti-dandruff shampoos and lotions and excels against mild cases. Use a medicated shampoo plus lotion with every wash, then maintain every 3-4 shampoos once improved. For severe dandruff, consult a dermatologist for prescription topical corticosteroids in ointment or cream form. Avoid ammonia-based hair color, harsh shampoos,
alcohol-based styling products, and hot hair dryers (opt for the cool setting if needed).
Proven products: Squanorm Oily Dandruff Treatment Shampoo, Ducray, €10.60. ICT Dandruff Control Anti-Dandruff Treatment, Intragen, €27.50. Anti-Recurrence Treatment Shampoo, Yves Rocher, €6.60. Nodé P Volumizing Anti-Dandruff, Bioderma, €7.10.
Thanks to Dr. Vincent Durosier, Ducray medical director.
